Secondary rotary volumetric reduction system for abrasive mineral slurries featuring 10 equiprobable radial cutters and prior homogenization, engineered to minimize critical sampling errors and ensure high statistical accuracy in metallurgical accounting.
Main Applications: Final reduction of concentrates and tailings, chemical analysis feed preparation, metallurgical balancing, mine-to-plant reconciliation, and auditable sampling systems compliant with AMIRA P754 standards.
The JKL DMR-25/10 V.5 Rotary Sample Divider is a volumetric reduction system engineered to obtain representative subsamples of abrasive mineral slurries, applying the principles of modern sampling theory based on periodic, equiprobable increments.
This unit constitutes the critical secondary or final reduction stage within a metallurgical sampling system, ensuring precision, repeatability, and compliance with internationally recognized best practices in mass measurement and sampling.
Operating Principle
The DMR-25/10 operates under the concept of stratified increment sampling, where homogenized slurry is fed into a rotary distributor equipped with 10 equally spaced radial cutters, which fully intersect the entire cross-section of the free-falling stream.
The continuous and uniform rotational motion ensures:
This principle is fully aligned with Pierre Gy’s Sampling Theory and with recommended practices for metallurgical accounting systems.
Mechanical Configuration
Rotary Dividing System
Agitation – Homogenization System
Washing System
Structural Frame and Support
Electrical & Control System
Technical Capacities (Model 25/10 Reference)
Technical Benefits
✔ Volumetric reduction without altering chemical or physical composition
✔ High statistical repeatability
✔ Minimization of Fundamental Sampling Error (FSE) and Grouping & Segregation Error (GSE)
✔ Improved reliability of metallurgical balances
✔ Compliance with best practices for audit and reconciliation
✔ Design oriented toward high-precision metallurgical accounting
Typical Applications
Focus on Metallurgical Accounting
The DMR-25/10 V.5 enables:
Its design recognizes that sampling must meet the same rigor as mass measurement within a modern metallurgical control system.
APPLIED STATISTICAL FOUNDATIONS
Application to Metallurgical Accounting Systems
1. Conceptual Framework
The DMR-25/10 V.5 rotary divider is not merely a mechanical volumetric reduction device. It is an industrial statistical instrument designed to minimize sampling errors as defined in:
The objective is for the reduced sample to preserve:
Where:
In other words: an unbiased sample.
2. Application of Pierre Gy’s Sampling Theory
2.1 Fundamental Sampling Error (FSE)
The Fundamental Sampling Error is expressed as:
Where:
Implication for the DMR-25/10:
The divider does not eliminate FSE (no system can), but guarantees that FSE is reduced to the minimum physically achievable under proper operating conditions.
3. Grouping and Segregation Error (GSE)
In mineral slurries, potential issues include:
The DMR-25/10 incorporates:
✔ Pre-agitation
✔ Full cross-sectional cut
✔ Periodic increments
This minimizes:
Provided that homogenization is properly designed.
4. Equiprobability Principle
Critical condition:
Each particle must have equal probability of selection.
The DMR-25/10 ensures equiprobability because:
Many systems in the market fail this requirement (e.g., manual scoops, side valves, partial bypass systems).
5. Statistically Correct Volumetric Reduction
For a 10-cutter rotary divider:
Where:
R= reduction ratio
n= number of cutters
If one channel is collected:
If two are collected:
Reduction is geometrically defined, not random.
6. Total Variance of the Sampling System
Global variance is composed of:
Where:
The DMR-25/10 directly contributes to:
✔ Minimizing ISE
✔ Minimizing GSE
✔ Controlling mass → reducing FSE
7. Application in Metallurgical Balancing
In metallurgical accounting:
In practice:
The discrepancy is directly related to sampling errors.
Improper sampling results in:
The DMR-25/10 reduces system uncertainty.
8. Alignment with AMIRA P754
The code establishes:
✔ Measurements must be auditable
✔ Sampling must be technically defensible
✔ Reduction must preserve representativity
The DMR-25/10 complies through:
9. Statistical Process Control (SPC)
With correct sampling
It is possible to apply:
Confidence interval:
If sampling is biased
the interval lacks statistical validity.
10. Uncertainty Evaluation
Combined uncertainty:
Which reduces:
✔ Financial risk
✔ Disputas comerciales
✔ Settlement errors
11. Applied Conceptual Case
Assume:
Flow rate: 100 t/h
True grade: 1.20% Cu
Reduction: 1/10
If sampling is correct:
If sampling bias = 2%:
Measured grade = 1.224%
For 100,000 t:
Metal error = 24 t Cu
Significant economic impact.
12. Technical Conclusion
The JKL DMR-25/10 V.5 Rotary Divider:
✔ Is statistically coherent with Gy’s Sampling Theory
✔ Complies with equiprobability principles
✔ Minimizes critical sampling errors
✔ Reduces metallurgical accounting uncertainty
✔ Enables valid SPC application
✔ Supports technical and financial audits
It is not merely a volumetric divider.
It is an essential component of the plant’s statistical control system.
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